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Clearing the cloud chambers
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Clearing the cloud chambers
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Blackett and Wilson had been studying... they had put a lead plate across the centre of the expansion chamber and had been investigating the large showers created by the impact of energetic particles. The chamber was automatic. A single particle going through a series of Geiger counters would trigger the whole mechanism and it was this technique which I inherited in Manchester. Now, there was... a great dispute arose because Blackett and Wilson had published a number of papers and they claimed their results did not agree with the conventional theory of the impact of high energy electrons and that the conventional theory was breaking down at high energies.
Now, I should remind you that the Bethe and Heitler had in those years developed the cascade theory in which a high energy particle from outer space would enter the atmosphere, and by a series of paired productions, by collision with atoms would create positive and negative electrons, which in turn would create photons and then the photon would collide with another electron pair. And, therefore, you had a great shower of positive and negative electrons emerging from the impact of a single particle. In the atmosphere, but also in the lead plate in the cloud chamber. So Blackett said, would I design an electron magnet. He had transported his usual electron magnet to Manchester, but he wanted me to build a smaller electron magnet to surround my cloud chamber and repeat these measurements or extend the measurements which he had been making with Blackett and Wilson. So I went to Metropolitan-Vickers, designed an electron magnet and eventually surrounded my cloud chamber with this electromagnet and happily settled down to investigating.
Bernard Lovell (1913-2012), British radio astronomer and founder of the Jodrell Bank Observatory, received an OBE in 1946 for his work on radar, and was knighted in 1961 for his contribution to the development of radio astronomy. He obtained a PhD in 1936 at the University of Bristol. His steerable radio telescope, which tracked Sputnik across the sky, is now named the Lovell telescope.
Title: Patrick Blackett and work with cloud chambers
Listeners: Alastair Gunn Megan Argo
Alastair Gunn is an astrophysicist at Jodrell Bank Observatory, University of Manchester. He is responsible for the coordination and execution of international radio astronomical observations at the institute and his professional research concerns the extended atmospheres of highly active binary stars. Alastair has a deep interest and knowledge of the history of radio astronomy in general and of Jodrell Bank in particular. He has written extensively about Jodrell Bank's history.
Megan Argo is an astronomer at the University of Manchester's Jodrell Bank Observatory researching supernovae and star formation in nearby starburst galaxies. As well as research, she is involved with events in the Observatory's Visitor Centre explaining both astronomy and the history of the Observatory to the public.
Tags: Geiger counter, Manchester, Metropolitan-Vickers, Patrick Blackett, Charles Thomson Rees Wilson, Hans Bethe, Walter Heitler
Duration: 2 minutes, 51 seconds
Date story recorded: January 2007
Date story went live: 05 September 2008