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Victims of martial law

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Change is a process
Jan Józef Lipski Social activist
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I think that we can see or perceive new opportunities, and the question arises, how many people believe that these new opportunities are there? If there's one thing we can count on, it's that wherever Solidarity and the opposition manage to access social, political, economic life and to bring about some changes, then people will be drawn there, they will be drawn in, but this will be a process. It won't happen straight away.

Wydaje mi się, że jakoś widzimy, zauważamy pewne możliwości, które się otwierają. Pytanie, ilu ludzi już jest tego zdania, że możliwości się otwierają. Jeżeli na coś można liczyć, to tylko na to, że tam, gdziekolwiek się uda  „Solidarności” i opozycji wejść w życie społeczne, polityczne, gospodarcze również i dokonywać jakichś zmian – to ludzi będzie pociągać, to ludzi będzie wciągać, ale to będzie proces. To nie będzie tak, żeby stało się to natychmiast.

Jan Józef Lipski (1926-1991) was one of Poland's best known political activists. He was also a writer and a literary critic. As a soldier in the Home Army (Armia Krajowa), he fought in the Warsaw Uprising. In 1976, following worker protests, he co-founded the Workers' Defence Committee (KOR). His active opposition to Poland's communist authorities led to his arrest and imprisonment on several occasions. In 1987, he re-established and headed the Polish Socialist Party. Two years later, he was elected to the Polish Senate. He died in 1991 while still in office. For his significant work, Lipski was honoured with the Cross of the Valorous (Krzyż Walecznych), posthumously with the Grand Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta (1991) and with the highest Polish decoration, the Order of the White Eagle (2006).

Listeners: Jacek Petrycki Marcel Łoziński

Cinematographer Jacek Petrycki was born in Poznań, Poland in 1948. He has worked extensively in Poland and throughout the world. His credits include, for Agniezka Holland, Provincial Actors (1979), Europe, Europe (1990), Shot in the Heart (2001) and Julie Walking Home (2002), for Krysztof Kieslowski numerous short films including Camera Buff (1980) and No End (1985). Other credits include Journey to the Sun (1998), directed by Jesim Ustaoglu, which won the Golden Camera 300 award at the International Film Camera Festival, Shooters (2000) and The Valley (1999), both directed by Dan Reed, Unforgiving (1993) and Betrayed (1995) by Clive Gordon both of which won the BAFTA for best factual photography. Jacek Petrycki is also a teacher and a filmmaker.

Film director Marcel Łoziński was born in Paris in 1940. He graduated from the Film Directing Department of the National School of Film, Television and Theatre in Łódź in 1971. In 1994, he was nominated for an American Academy Award and a European Film Academy Award for the documentary, 89 mm from Europe. Since 1995, he has been a member of the American Academy of Motion Picture Art and Science awarding Oscars. He lectured at the FEMIS film school and the School of Polish Culture of Warsaw University. He ran documentary film workshops in Marseilles. Marcel Łoziński currently lectures at Andrzej Wajda’s Master School for Film Directors. He also runs the Dragon Forum, a European documentary film workshop.

Tags: Solidarity

Duration: 54 seconds

Date story recorded: October 1989

Date story went live: 15 March 2011